History, Language & Culture Luxembourg

The Grand Duchy of Luxembourg is a small state. It has a history dating back more than 1,000 years. In 963, Siegfried, Count of the Ardennes and founder of the Luxembourg royal family built a castle in the area of today's Luxembourg capital. Which became an important strategic point in those days Since it is an area surrounded by many layers of mountains It is commonly known as “The Gibraltar of the North.” During the late Middle Ages to the 15th century, the Luxembourg dynasty flourished. Many of the kings of Europe were descended from this dynasty, including four German emperors, four bohemia kings, and one Hungarian king.The famous kings of Luxembourg at that time were Henry VII, John the Blind, Wencelas, Charles IV and Sigismund, after which Luxembourg suffered a number of defeats in the war. And fell under the rule of nations such as Burgundy, Spain, France, Austria and Russia until the end of the 19th century. In 1815, Luxembourg was liberated again. The Congress of Vienna elevated Luxembourg's status from Duchy to Grand Duchy and gave it to the royal consortium of the King of the Netherlands and in 1867 the Treaty of London 1867. It has guaranteed the territorial integrity and autonomous rights of Luxembourg. In 1890, after the death of William III of the Netherlands and the Grand Duke of Luxembourg at that time without a successor, The elders of the Netherlands, the Nasseau family has reigned instead. And Luxembourg began to have a dynasty of its own. During the reign of Grand Duchess Charlotte (Grand Duchess Charlotte), Luxembourg developed rapidly, both politically and economically. This came to a halt when Germany occupied Luxembourg during both world wars, despite Luxembourg's neutrality. 1964 The current king of Luxembourg is Grand Duke Jean (Grand Duke Jean) succeeded his mother, Grand Duchess Charlotte, who abdicated the throne after his long reign. Up to 45 years, Luxembourg's current king, Grand Duke Henri, ascended the throne on October 7, 2000, as the sixth king of the Nassau dynasty, successor to the Grand. Grand Duke reserved the royal consort, who abdicated after his 36-year reign for his son. It was later liberated by the Allied forces in the post-World War II period. 2.Luxembourg canceled its neutrality policy and joined the political organization. Economic and military such as the European Union, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization or NATO, the Western European Union (WEU), and OSCE (Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe). 2000 is the sixth king of the Nassau dynasty, the successor of the Grand Duke of the royal family, who abdicated after his 36-year reign to his son. It was later liberated by the Allied forces in the post-World War II period. 2.Luxembourg canceled its neutrality policy and joined the political organization. Economy and military such as the European Union, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization or NATO, the Western European Union (WEU), and OSCE (Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe). 2000 is the sixth king of the Nassau dynasty, the successor of the Grand Duke, who abdicated after 36 years of his throne. It was later liberated by the Allied forces in the post-World War II period. 2.Luxembourg canceled its neutrality policy and joined the political organization. Economy and military such as the European Union, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization or NATO, the Western European Union (WEU), and OSCE (Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe).

Luxembourgish, Gizch , French and German